This generally manifests itself as an inability to access resources in the domain from the affected machine. Be advised that if you are using a small-office/home-office (SOHO) router to assign DHCP addresses to client machines, it will likely also assign external DNS servers to those clients unless it has been manually configured to do otherwise.
That external server will be unable to resolve queries for anything inside the AD domain, and the client machine will not automatically revert to the internal DNS server when connectivity is restored. If a domain-joined computer is configured to use an external server as an alternate DNS server, a temporary lack of connectivity to an internal DNS server will cause that machine to begin using the external server for resolution.
“The inclusion of its own IP address in the list of DNS servers improves performance and increases the availability of DNS servers.” The first article is called DNS: DNS servers on should include their own IP addresses on their interface lists of DNS servers, and the relevant statements on this page are these: The answer for this can basically be inferred from two TechNet articles describing the Best Practices Analyzer for Domain Name System. The reasons for this are to avoid race conditions that might slow down the boot process for the domain controller. The key thing is to not use the loopback address as the preferred (primary) DNS server and only use it for alternate (secondary) DNS servers. So, DC1 points to DC2 as preferred and itself as secondary (with the loopback address added as tertiary), while DC2 points to DC1 for preferred and itself as secondary (with the loopback address added as tertiary This is obviously not an issue in a domain with only one DC.
If a DC uses only itself for resolution, it may stop replicating with other DCs. If multiple DCs are configured as DNS servers, they should be configured to use each other for resolution first and themselves second:Įach DC’s list of DNS servers should include its own address, but not as the first server in the list.Note that domain-joined machines must be configured to use multiple DNS servers in order to take advantage of this.
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This provides redundancy in the event that one DC goes offline unexpectedly. In a larger environment, at least two domain controllers at each physical site should be DNS servers:.It is possible to install DNS on servers which are not DCs, including non-Windows servers, but installing DNS on DCs allows the use of AD-integrated lookup zones which improve security and simplify zone replication. In a small environment, at least one domain controller (DC) should be a DNS server:.Below list of best practices is not all-inclusive but will help ensure proper name resolution within an Active Directory domain. Improperly configured DNS can cause a variety of issues, including login failures, Group Policy processing problems, and replication issues. Solving DNS related problems is frustrating because it brings a lot of core infrastructure to a halt when it doesn’t work due to poor DNS configuration and planning.
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